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Botanical
Name - Capsicum annum
Family - Solaneceous
Origin - Tropical America
Introduction
Chilli is valued for its diverse commercial users.
The small sized and more pungent chilli is mainly used as a spice and as
additive in other food preparations.
Climate
Chilli prefers a warm humid climate during early
stages and a dry weather towards the maturity of pods. It is grown in both
tropical and sub tropical areas up to 1500m above mean sea level.
Soil
Light texture well drained soils with a PH range of
5.5-6.8 are preferred.
Varieties
MI-1
MI-2
MI-HOT
Arunalu BL-39
KA-2
MI-1
Pod occurs singly in
the arils of leaves or branches. They are pendulant with a cup shaped calys
9-19cm long 1-12cm thick tapering to a pointed tip purple streks may be seem in
the exils of branches and leaves. A mature plant attains a height of 75-100cm
depending on soil type and fertilizer use.
MI-2
Pods are pendulant
5-9cm long, 1-15cm thick. Glabrons and tapering towards the tip. Plants are
highly branched with a canopy diameter of 45-60cm forming a more or less flat
top.
Arunalu
BL-39
This variety is similar
to MI-2pods are up word 9cm long gladrous and tapering toward the tip. Ripped
fruits are dark red in colour. The height of the plant is about 50-60cm.
Seed
Rate
1kg per hectare
Land
preparation
A fine tilling is very
important for chilli cultivation. The soil is filled at least to a depth of
10-15cm.Field planting on raised beds is the common practice. The width of the
bed should be not exeed one metre.
Planting
Chilli seeds are sown
in nursery beds and the seedlings are later transplanted to the field when
3.2.8 fertilizer Application.
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Urea kg/ha
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Triple super phosphate kg/ha
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Muriate of potash kg/ha
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Basal
Application
Top
dressing At
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220
45
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380
-
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125
25
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Irrigation
Crop should be
irrigated daily during the first week after planting. There after the
irrigation should be done once in4-6 days.
Weeding
Weeding is done
manually at 3, 6,9,12 weeks after planting.
Pests
Aphids
Mites
White
fly
Pod
borer caterpillar
Diseases
Damping
off
Anthracnose
Leaf
spot
Collar
rot
Bacterial
wilt
Harvesting
Harvesting can be
started 75-80 days after field planting and can continue for 2-3 months if the
crop is managed properly. The yield is about 2000-3500kg/ha.
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